• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An electricity meter (1) comprises: a counting unit (2) for determining the electricity consumption; a communication unit (3) for communicating data signals within a communication band via power wiring; and a processing unit for controlling the counting unit (2) and the communication unit (3); wherein the communication unit (3) is designed to adapt the communication band to the communication environment.
    公开号:AT17225U1
    申请号:TGM16/2021U
    申请日:2016-04-14
    公开日:2021-09-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Landis & Gyr Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    This disclosure relates to electricity meters for recording electrical energy consumption and an adapter module therefor. In particular, the disclosure relates to an electricity meter that records electricity consumption and can transmit data over power cables. In particular, the disclosure is directed to a versatile adaptation module for the electricity meter.
    BACKGROUND
    Smart metering technology is playing an increasingly important role in the field of consumption measurement, since both energy suppliers and end consumers who consume electrical energy benefit from this technology. With intelligent meters, energy providers can automatically and remotely access meter information, e.g. not only the electricity consumption of end consumers, but also the distribution of electricity consumption depending on the time of day or season. The operating conditions of the meters installed at the end-user can also be monitored remotely by the utility companies. In turn, the end user can receive information from the energy supplier more frequently.
    To provide these functions, electricity meters rely on reliable and secure bidirectional communication. Various communication technologies to be used in an electricity meter were evaluated. Communication over power cables is one of the promising technologies. By communicating the data over the power cable, no additional cables or fibers are required for communication. The utilities benefit from the existing infrastructure, the power cable network. Therefore, the installation cost and the maintenance cost for the communication network can be reduced.
    Communication via power cables enables bidirectional communication. To transmit the data, the data signal is modulated onto a carrier signal and coupled to the power cable, while the modulated data signal is first decoupled from the power cable and then demodulated to receive the data. In recent years, this communication technology has found a variety of uses in various fields. Communication over power cables is an established technology today. In particular, the recently developed G3-PLC standard supports extremely reliable and secure communication via power cables. The G3-PLC can operate different frequency bands that are assigned for different countries. For example, the CENELEC A band with a frequency range between 35 kHz and 91 kHz, the CENELEC B band with a frequency range between 98 kHz and 135 kHz, the ARIB band with a frequency range between 155 kHz and 403 kHz and the FCC band with a frequency range between 155 kHz and 487 kHz. The CENELEC A-Band and the CENELEC B-Band are applicable in Europe, while the ARIB-Band and the FCC-Band are applicable in Japan, the USA and other countries, respectively.
    WO 2012/040476 discloses coupling circuits for power line communication devices. A power line communication device may include a processor and coupling circuitry coupled to the processor. The coupling circuit can in turn comprise a transmitter path and a receiver path. In some implementations, the transmit path may include a first amplifier, a first capacitor coupled to the first amplifier, a first transformer coupled to the first capacitor, and a plurality of line interface coupling circuits coupled to the first transformer, wherein each of the line interface coupling circuits is configured to be connected to a different phase of an electrical power circuit.
    [0006] WO 2009/000869 relates to a distribution power line communication system. The system comprises a communication server that sends and receives messages over a telecommunication network, a power distribution station to which a power distribution network for end users is connected, and at least one gateway that transmits messages from the telecommunication network in a predetermined frequency band to the power distribution network,
    a plurality of smart meters on end-user networks for measuring power consumption and comprising a power line communication modem that sends and receives messages within the predetermined frequency band over the power distribution network, power line communication filters on power lines connecting the power distribution network and the end-user network, and on power lines connecting the power distribution network to the Connect power distribution station, each filter blocking frequencies within the predetermined frequency band.
    SUMMARY
    It is an object of this invention to provide an electricity meter and an adapter module for the electricity meter that overcome at least some of the disadvantages known from the prior art.
    It is a further object of the invention to provide an electricity meter and an adaptation module for the electricity meter which can be configured in a versatile manner in an efficient manner and at low cost.
    According to the present invention, these objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. In addition, further advantageous refinements result from the subclaims and the description.
    According to the present invention, the above-mentioned objects are achieved in particular in that an electricity meter comprises a metering unit, a communication unit and a processing unit. The counting unit is used to determine the electrical energy consumption. The communication unit is used to communicate data signals within a communication band via power cables. The processing unit is used to control the counting unit and the communication unit. The communication unit is configured to adapt the communication band to the communication environment. The electricity meter can be used in different communication environments, for example, assigned communication frequencies for communication via power cables may be different in different countries, different utility companies may require different frequencies for communication via power cables, in different environments the communication quality of the different frequency bands may also vary. Since the communication unit is configured to adapt the communication band to the communication environment, the electricity meter can be installed in a different location without changing the hardware of the electricity meter.
    In some embodiments, multiple frequency bands are assigned as communication bands for communication over power cables. The electricity meter is configured to switch from one of the assigned frequency bands to another assigned frequency band depending on the communication environment. The assigned frequency bands are CENELEC A, CENELEC B, FCC, ARIB and a combination of the previous ones. In different countries, different frequency bands are assigned for communication over power cables. When intelligent electricity meters are installed in different countries, the communication unit must be able to transmit the data signals within the frequency band assigned to different countries. In addition, the preferred frequency bands for communication over power cables differ from utility company to utility company. One prefers communication in the CENELEC A band, another prefers communication in the FCC band or another frequency band. In addition, a smart electricity meter can be installed in a meter reading system that contains multiple electricity meters and other electrical devices, such as a concentrator. The concentrator can be configured to communicate over power cables within a defined allocated frequency band. If the communication unit is configured in such a way that it can switch from one of the assigned frequency bands to another assigned frequency band depending on the communication environment, the electricity meter can be used for different countries and for different utilities.
    companies or reading systems can be used without changing the hardware. Depending on the places where the electricity meter is installed, the quality of communication in different allocated frequency bands will be different, depending on the other signals present in the vicinity. If the quality of communication over power cables in an assigned frequency band is poor, the communication unit is configured to switch from this assigned frequency band to another assigned frequency band. In this way, the quality of communication via power cables can be optimized and a good quality of communication via power cables can be ensured.
    The communication unit is preferably configured to switch from one frequency band to another frequency band depending on the communication environment. In a variant, this switchover can take place automatically and adapts the frequency band for the communication of the communication unit to the requirements regarding the communication frequency band for e.g. different locations, different utilities and different reading systems.
    Alternatively or in combination with one of the aforementioned determination requirements, the adaptation depends on the optimized technical quality of communication with the power cable (e.g., in certain environments, communication within the CENELEC band can provide more stable communication than within the FCC band or another frequency band , or the other way around). Intelligent switching depending on the communication quality enables a dynamic switching solution with complex communication. This intelligent switching can take place manually or by remote signal or, in some applications, also automatically via a self-learning or automatically recognizing logic module.
    In some embodiments, the communication unit comprises a signal processing unit, a switch connected to the signal processing unit, and a control module for controlling the switch. The signal processing unit has at least two operating modes depending on the state of the switch controlled by the control module. In a first operating mode, the signal processing unit selects electrical signals from a first frequency band and couples the selected electrical signals to power cabling; In a second operating mode, the signal processing unit selects electrical signals from a second frequency band and couples the selected electrical signals to the power cable. In a preferred embodiment, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are one of the assigned frequency bands for communication via power cables. This has the advantage that a versatile construction of the electricity meter can be achieved.
    According to the invention, the above-mentioned objects are achieved in particular in that an adaptation module for an electricity meter comprises a signal processing unit, a switch connected to the signal processing unit and a control module for controlling the switch. The signal processing unit has at least two operating modes depending on the state of the switch controlled by the control module. In a first operating mode, the signal processing unit selects electrical signals from a first frequency band and couples the selected signals to the power cable. In a second operating mode, the signal processing unit selects electrical signals from a second frequency band and couples the selected signals to the power cable.
    In some embodiments, the signal processing unit forms a bandpass filter in the first operating mode in order to pass the electrical signals in the first frequency band. In the second mode, the signal processing unit forms a high-pass filter in order to pass the electrical signals in a second frequency band.
    In some embodiments, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are one of the assigned frequency bands for communication over power cables, for example CENELEC A, CENELEC B, FCC and ARIB.
    In a preferred embodiment, the first frequency band is the CENELEC A-band
    and the second frequency band is the FCC band or vice versa.
    In some embodiments, the control module is configured to generate a control signal for controlling the switch based on a configuration signal.
    In a variant, the configuration signal is initiated by an initiation signal that is transmitted via a power cable or a radio communication channel. The initiation signal is generated, for example, by a reading system that contains an electricity meter in which the adaptation module is installed. The initiation signal is transmitted via a power cable or a radio communication channel to the electricity meter in which the adaptation module is installed. The operating modes of the processing unit can be controlled remotely. The adaptation module can therefore be adapted remotely in order to communicate in an efficient manner via power cables in a defined frequency band.
    In an alternative variant, the configuration signal can be generated dynamically. A logic module can be functionally connected to the control module or to a processing unit of an electricity meter in which the adaptation module is installed. The logic module can be self-learning and / or self-recognizing and can generate a configuration signal. Therefore, intelligent switching from one communication frequency band to another frequency band can be achieved. This offers optimal communication in terms of communication quality and versatile applications, e.g. independence from communication frequency band requirements in different countries, utilities and devices connected to the same reading system.
    In some embodiments the switch is a relay, preferably an optically isolated relay.
    In a variant, the signal processing unit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and a first inductor, wherein the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the first inductor with the first inductor arranged between the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in series, the first resistor being connected in parallel with the first inductor.
    In a preferred embodiment, the signal processing unit is configured to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode by bridging the first inductor. In one variant, the switch connected to the processing unit is switched to the closed state and the first inductor is bridged. In this way, the adaptation module or an electricity meter containing the adaptation module can switch the communication frequency for the power cable communication from a first frequency band to a second frequency band.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    In order to describe the manner in which advantages and features of the disclosure can be obtained, a more detailed description of the principles briefly described above will now be given with reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. These drawings only illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and are therefore not to be regarded as a limitation on its scope.
    Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of an electricity meter;
    Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an adaptation module for an electricity meter;
    Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary implementation of remote control of a switch included in the adaptation module;
    Fig. 4 shows an exemplary implementation of a signal processing unit used in the adaptation module; and
    Figure 5 illustrates an exemplary implementation of the signal processing unit with a two-state switch; DESCRIPTION
    1 shows a schematic representation of an electricity meter 1, which comprises a counting unit 2, a communication unit 3 and a processing unit 4. The counting unit 2 measures current and voltage, for example, in order to determine the electrical power and the energy consumption or the energy generation. The communication unit 3 communicates data signals such as the determined power consumption or the determined power generation, diagnostic data of the electricity meter 1 and information data from and to the utility companies within a communication band via the power cables 5. The processing unit controls the counting unit 2 and the communication unit 3.
    A plurality of frequency bands are assigned as communication bands for communication via power cables 5. The electricity meter 1 is configured to switch from one of the assigned frequency bands to another assigned frequency band depending on the communication environment.
    In an embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the communication unit comprises a modulation / demodulation module for modulating / demodulating the data signals on a carrier signal, an analog front end and an adaptation module. The switching of the frequency band is achieved in particular by operating the adaptation module in two operating modes.
    FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an adaptation module 10 for an electricity meter according to the disclosure. Reference numeral 10 relates to the adaptation module 10, which comprises a signal processing unit 11, a switch 12 and a control module 13. Since the adaptation module 10 is designed for communication via the power cable 5, the connection 2 of the signal processing unit 11 is connected to a power cable 5 which, depending on the country of operation, has a voltage of, for example, 230 volts or 110 volts. The connection 1 of the signal processing unit 11 is connected to the analog front end 14. The signal processing unit 11 selects the electrical signals with a frequency within a defined frequency band and couples the selected electrical signals to the power cable 5 and vice versa. As shown in FIG. 2, a switch 12 is connected to the signal processing unit 11 and a control module 13 is applied to control the switch 12. In order to provide a versatile adaptation module 10, the signal processing unit 11 has at least two operating modes that depend on the state of the switch 12. The switch has at least two states. Depending on the number of operating modes of the signal processing unit 11, a suitable switch with at least the same number of states is to be used.
    In one embodiment, the signal processing unit 11 has two operating modes, a switch 12 with two states being selected. The control module 13 generates a control signal 36 for controlling the switch 12, which changes from a first state to a second state. In a first operating mode, the signal processing unit 11 selects the electrical signals with a frequency within a first frequency band and couples the selected signal to the power cable and vice versa. In a second operating mode, the signal processing unit 11 selects electrical signals with a frequency within a second frequency band and couples the selected signal to the power cable 5 and vice versa. The first frequency band can be, for example, a CENELEC A frequency band and the second frequency band can be, for example, an FCC frequency band and vice versa. In order to operate the signal processing unit 11 in the first mode, the switch 12 is controlled in a first state. In order to operate the signal processing unit 11 in the second mode, the switch 12 is controlled into a second state. The control module 13 is configured to generate a switch control signal 36 based on a configuration signal 35. As shown in Fig. 2, the control module 13 comprises at least one input connection Cin for receiving
    gen of the configuration signal 35 and an output terminal Cout for providing the switch control signal 36 for controlling the switch 12. As will be described in more detail later, the configuration signal 35 can be generated locally or remotely. Furthermore, the configuration signal 35 can be generated dynamically.
    In one variant, the configuration signal 35 is generated by a configuration tool that is used, for example, by a service technician to install or reconfigure a meter, the adaptation module 10 being installed. The configuration tool can be a software module, a hardware module or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the configuration tool can be an external device or a part of the electricity meter that contains the adaptation module 10. If the adaptation module 10 is installed in an electricity meter, the configuration tool can be arranged in the electricity meter or connected externally to the electricity meter. After receiving the configuration signal 35, the control module 13 generates the control signal 36 in order to control the switch 12 in one of the states. The control module 13 can be a software module, a hardware module, or a combination thereof.
    3 shows a variant for the remote generation of the configuration signal 35. In this case, the configuration signal 35 is initiated by an initiation signal 37, which is generated by a reading system 6, for example. The initiation signal 37 is transmitted via the power cable 5 or a radio communication channel to the power meter in which the adaptation module 10 is installed. Based on the received initiation signal 37, the electricity meter set the configuration signal 35 for the control module 13. For example, the processing unit contained in the electricity meter can provide this function.
    In an alternative configuration, this embodiment can contain a logic module (not shown in the figures) which is functionally connected to the control module 13 or the processing unit 4 of the electricity meter 1 in which the adaptation module is installed. The logic module can be self-learning and / or self-recognizing and generate a configuration signal 35. In this way, the configuration signal 35 is generated dynamically.
    4 shows an embodiment of the implementation of the adaptation module 10. It should be mentioned that the embodiment presented here describes only one example of a hardware that implements the signal processing unit 11. However, one skilled in the art will understand that various circuit implementations are possible that provide the same functionality. As shown in FIG. 4, the signal processing unit 11 comprises a first resistor 23, a first capacitor 21, a second capacitor 22 and a first inductor 25. The first capacitor 21 and the second capacitor 22 are connected in series, with the first inductor 25 is arranged between the first capacitor 21 and the second capacitor 22. The first resistor 23 is connected in parallel to the first inductor 25. These four elements form a bandpass filter, in particular an LC resonance circuit. The center frequency of the resonance circuit is mainly defined by the values of the first capacitor 21, the second capacitor 22 and the first inductor 25. The quality factor of the resonance circuit is partially defined by the value of the first resistor 23, which is connected in parallel to the first inductor 25. The band-pass filter removes the out-of-band signals from the signal path before they are coupled to the power cable 5.
    For easy decoupling of the resonance circuit from an analog front end 14, a second inductor 26 is arranged in the adaptation module 10. Therefore, if this decoupling feature is added, the second inductor 26 is used and connected between the analog front end 14 and the bandpass filter, preferably between the analog front end 14 and the first capacitor 21. The analog front end 14 contains a filter unit, a receiving amplifier and a transmit amplifier. Preferably, the analog front end 14 is an integrated circuit in order to have a compact structure and to reduce the loads caused by the long wire connections between, for example, the filter unit and the amplifiers. The analog front end 14 operates with a supply voltage which is much lower than the voltage of the power cable 5, normally in the range of 10 volts or several tens of volts. Therefore, the signal processing unit 11 must be able to electrical
    To adapt signals with a voltage in the range of the supply voltage of the analog front end 14 to the voltage of the power cable 5, for example from 10 volts to 220 volts.
    In one embodiment, a third inductor 27 is arranged between node A and ground in order to attenuate the low-frequency power line signals such as the mains frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz at the input of the analog front end 14. As shown in FIG. 4, the connection 2 of the analog front end is connected to the signal processing unit 11. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the switch 12 is connected in series with a protective resistor 24. The series-connected switch 12 and the protective resistor 24 are arranged parallel to the first inductor 25. The protective resistor 24 is optionally connected in series with the switch 12. 4 shows the signal flow for the case of the transmission of electrical signals to the power cable 5. The signal processing unit 11 receives a first electrical signal 31 from the analog front end 14 and outputs a second electrical signal 32 to the power cable 5. It should be mentioned that the circuit arrangement shown in FIG. 4 can also be used for receiving electrical signals from the power cable 5. The signal flow is then in the opposite direction.
    Fig. 5 shows a specific embodiment of the adaptation module 10 in which a two-state switch 15 with an open state and a closed state is used and the signal processing unit 11 has a low frequency band mode and a high frequency band mode. e.g. "CENELEC-A" mode or an "FCC band" mode. It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to these specific frequency bands and the values of the disclosed electrical elements. As shown in FIG. 5, in the open state of the two-state switch 15, the first electrical signal 31 runs through a bad pass filter, which is formed by the first capacitor 21, the second capacitor 22, the first inductor 27 and the first resistor 23. For example, the values of these four elements are chosen in such a way that the center frequency of the bandpass filter for the application of the CENELEC-A mode is set to 68 kHz. In the closed state of the two-state switch 15, the first inductor 25 and the first resistor 23 are bridged by the two-state switch 15, which is why the first electrical signal 31 passes through a high-pass filter with a different filter characteristic for the use of the FCC mode, e.g. the cutoff frequency is set to the lower frequency of the FCC band, namely 155 kHz.
    LIST OF REFERENCES
    1 | Electricity meter 37 | Initiation signal
    2 | Counting unit
    3 communication unit
    4 | Processing unit
    5 | Power cord
    6 | Reading system
    10 | Adaptation module
    11 | Signal processing unit
    12 | counter
    13 | Control module
    14 | analog frontend
    15 | Two-state switch
    21 [| first capacitor (C1)
    22 | second capacitor (C2)
    23 | first resistor (R1)
    24 | Protective resistor (R2)
    25 [first inductor (L1)
    26 | second inductor (L2)
    27 | third inductor (L3)
    31 [first electrical signal
    32 | second electrical signal
    35 | Configuration signal
    36 | Control signal
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    Claims 1. An electricity meter (1) comprising: a counting unit (2) for determining the electricity consumption; a communication unit (3) for communicating data signals within a communication band via power wiring; and a processing unit for controlling the counting unit (2) and the communication unit (3); wherein the communication unit (3) is designed to adapt the communication band to the communication environment, characterized in that the communication unit (3) comprises a signal processing unit (11) and a control module (13); wherein the signal processing unit (11) has at least two operating modes which are controlled by the control module (13); wherein in a first operating mode the signal processing unit (11) selects electrical signals from a first frequency band and couples the selected electrical signals to power cabling; In a second operating mode, the signal processing unit (11) selects electrical signals from a second frequency band and couples the selected electrical signals to the power cabling, the control module (13) being designed to generate a control signal (36) for controlling the signal processing unit (11) based on to generate a configuration signal (35), and wherein the configuration signal (35) is triggered by a trigger signal (37) which is transmitted to the electricity meter (1) via a power cabling (5) or a radio communication channel.
    [2]
    2. Electricity meter according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of frequency bands are assigned as communication bands for communication via the power cabling, the communication unit (3) being configured to switch from one of the assigned frequency bands to another assigned frequency band depending on the communication environment.
    [3]
    3. Electricity meter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the communication unit (3) further comprises a switch (12) which is connected to the signal processing unit (11), and the control module (13) is designed to control the switch (12); wherein the at least two operating modes are controlled by the control module (13) as a function of the state of the switch (12).
    [4]
    4. Electricity meter according to claim 3, wherein the switch (12) is a relay, preferably an optically isolated relay.
    [5]
    5. Electricity meter according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the first operating mode the signal processing unit (11) forms a band-pass filter in order to forward the electrical signals within the first frequency band; and in the second operating mode the signal processing unit (11) forms a high-pass filter in order to forward the electrical signals within a second frequency band.
    [6]
    6. Electricity meter according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first frequency band and the second frequency band are one of the assigned frequency bands for communication via power cabling.
    [7]
    7. Electricity meter according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the signal processing unit (11) comprises a first resistor (23), a first capacitor (21), a second capacitor (22) and a first inductor (25), the first capacitor (21), the second capacitor (22) and the first inductor (25) are connected in series with the first inductor (25) which is arranged between the first capacitor (21) and the second capacitor (22), the first Resistor (23) is connected in parallel with the first inductor (25).
    [8]
    8. An adaptation module (10) for an electricity meter (1), comprising: a signal processing unit (11), and a control module (13);
    wherein the signal processing unit (11) has at least two operating modes which are controlled by the control module (13); wherein in a first operating mode the signal processing unit (11) selects electrical signals from a first frequency band and couples the selected electrical signals to power cabling; in a second operating mode, the signal processing unit (11) selects electrical signals from a second frequency band and couples the selected electrical signals to the power cabling;
    wherein the control module (13) is designed to generate a control signal (36) for controlling the signal processing unit (11) based on a configuration signal (35), and
    wherein the configuration signal (35) is triggered by a trigger signal (37) which is transmitted to the adaptation module (10) via a power cabling (5) or a radio communication channel.
    [9]
    9. Adaptation module according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of frequency bands are assigned as communication bands for communication via the power cabling, the communication unit (3) being configured to switch from one of the assigned frequency bands to another assigned frequency band depending on the communication environment.
    [10]
    10. adaptation module (10) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein in the first operating mode the signal processing unit (11) forms a band-pass filter in order to forward the electrical signals within the first frequency band; and in the second operating mode, the signal processing unit forms a high-pass filter in order to forward the electrical signals within a second frequency band.
    [11]
    11. Adaptation module (10) according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the first frequency band and the second frequency band are one of the assigned frequency bands for communication via power cabling.
    [12]
    12. Adaptation module (10) according to one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising a switch (12) which is connected to the signal processing unit (11), wherein the at least two operating modes depend on a state of the switch (12) which is of the Control module (13) is controlled; and wherein the control module (13) is designed to generate a control signal (36) for controlling the switch (12) based on the configuration signal (35).
    [13]
    13. Adaptation module according to one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the switch (12) is a relay, preferably an optically isolated relay.
    [14]
    14. Adaptation module according to one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the signal processing unit (11) comprises a first resistor (23), a first capacitor (21), a second capacitor (22) and a first inductor (25), the first capacitor (21), the second capacitor (22) and the first inductor (25) are connected in series with the first inductor (25) which is arranged between the first capacitor (21) and the second capacitor (22), the first Resistor (23) is connected in parallel with the first inductor (25).
    [15]
    15. Adaptation module according to claim 14, wherein the signal processing unit (11) is configured to switch from the first operating mode to the second operating mode by bridging the first inductor (25).
    In addition 5 sheets of drawings
    类似技术:
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH5382015|2015-04-17|
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